Desalination

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The student will gain the fundamentals in the area of desalination technologies. The lecture will also include heat- and mass-transfer topics relevant for the understanding of the technical concepts behind each system. The knowledge of the basic thermodynamic principles will unfold the understanding of the whole bundle of present and future desalination technologies.

One of the biggest challenges for civilization today is the climate and water crisis. Both are strongly interconnected and the full effects on the population can only be imagined: today 1 billion people do not have sufficient access to drinking water, the number of un-served people will undoubtedly increase dramatically. Compared to other water supply solutions, desalination systems are becoming a more economically viable solution for provision of fresh water. Water desalination systems, large or small scale, seem to be the most promising solution to provide fresh water in certain areas. However, effective desalination solutions with their respective pros and cons need to be tailored to the application on hand.

The module "Desalination" provides detailed knowledge on the thermodynamic fundamentals of desalination systems. Based on this knowledge, the operational principles, advantages and restrictions of the established desal technologies will be derived. The module is structured as follows:

1. Introduction to Desalination
2. Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Seawater
3. Overview on Desalination Techniques
4. Vaporisation/Evaporation-Based Desalination (MED, MVC, VMD, MSF)
5. Separation due to Selective Membrane Permeability (RO, FO)
6. Separation due to Selective Ion Movement and Charge (ED/EDR)
7. Environmental Issues in Desalination

Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer

Lecture materials are available in Moodle.
The exact presentation mode will be determined depending on the number of participants and the actual Corona situation at the beginning of the term.

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